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SubstancepKadpKa/dTMrOxalate (oxalic acid) (pK1)1.2790.0Maleate (maleic acid) (pK1)2.000116.1Phosphate (phosphoric acid) (pK1)2.150.004498.0Glycine (pK1)2.35−0.00275.1Phthalate (phthalic acid) (pK1)2.950.0020166.1Glycylglycine (pK1)3.12132.1Malate (m...

To predict transcription factor binding site in DNA, you may use the following tools:1. PROMOPROMO is a virtual laboratory for the identification of putative transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) in DNA sequences from a species or groups of speci...

The common perception of scaling of dose based on the body weight (mg/kg) alone is not the right approach. This is primarily because the biochemical, functional systems in species vary which in turn alter pharmacokinetics. Therefore, extrapolation of...

Cell adhesion is a pH-dependent phenomenon: the cells required Mg2+ or Ca2+ for attachment to substrates at pH higher than the isoelectric point of the proteins coating a plastic surface, but not at lower pH. With increasing pH from 3.4, cell adhesiv...

Knowledge and improved understanding of the properties of enzyme active sites and their assorted catalytic mechanisms is vital for novel protein design and predicting protein function from structure. Crystallographic and NMR studies of enzymes have ...

Tool Description Link CASTp Computed Atlas of Surface Topography of proteins (CASTp) provides pockets located on protein surfaces and voids buried in the interior of proteins. CASTp DEPTH Depth measures the closest distance of a residue/atom to bulk...

Table 1. Descriptions of new online databases in the 2019 NAR Database issue Database  URL  Brief description  AleDB  http://aledb.org  Mutations from Adaptive Laboratory Evolution experiments  AlloMAPS  http://allo...

The nuclear localization signal (NLS) is, in general, not removed when the protein is matured.A nuclear localization signal or sequence (NLS) is an amino acid sequence that 'tags' a protein for import into the cell nucleus by nuclear transpor...

Many of the "tricks" used by chemists to enhance activity and stability, by protecting peptides against both endo- and exo-peptidases, can also be found in active peptides of microbial or marine origin: D-amino acids or unusual amino acids instead o...

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most serious public health problems in the world. According to the latest data, the number of adult diabetic patients worldwide has exceeded 400 million in 2017. Now, an international collaboration led by scientis...