Antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecular weight proteins with broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, and fungi (Zasloff M 2002; Radek K & Gallo R 2007). The majority of known AMPs are cationic peptides with common structural characteristics where domains of hydrophobic and cationic amino acids are spatially arranged into an amphipathic design, which facilitates their interaction with bacterial membranes (Shai Y 2002; Yeaman MR & Yount NY 2003; Brown KL & Hancock RE 2006; Dennison SR et al. 2005; Zelezetsky I & Tossi A 2006). It is generally excepted that the electrostatic interaction facilitates the initial binding of the positively charged peptides to the negatively charged bacterial membrane. Moreover, the structural amphiphilicity of AMPs is thought to promote their integration into lipid bilayers of pathogenic cells, leading to membrane disintegration and finally to the microbial cell death. In addition to cationic AMPs a few anionic antimicrobial peptides have been found in humans, however their mechanism of action remains to be clarified (Lai Y et al. 2007; Harris F et al. 2009; Paulmann M et al. 2012). Besides the direct neutralizing effects on bacteria AMPs may modulate cells of the adaptive immunity (neutrophils, T-cells, macrophages) to control inflammation and/or to increase bacterial clearance.

AMPs have also been referred to as cationic host defense peptides, anionic antimicrobial peptides/proteins, cationic amphipathic peptides, cationic AMPs, host defense peptides and alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides (Brown KL & Hancock RE 2006; Harris F et al. 2009; Groenink J et al. 1999; Bradshaw J 2003; Riedl S et al. 2011; Huang Y et al. 2010).

The Reactome module describes the interaction events of various types of human AMPs, such as cathelicidin, histatins and neutrophil serine proteases, with conserved patterns of microbial membranes at the host-pathogen interface. The module includes also proteolytic processing events for dermcidin (DCD) and cathelicidin (CAMP) that become functional upon cleavage. In addition, the module highlights an AMP-associated ability of the host to control metal quota at inflammation sites to influence host-pathogen interactions.

Cat#Product Name
300468Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide AP2
301163Antimicrobial peptide [I12]
301165Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 4.1
301194Antimicrobial peptide, Lactococcin G beta
301209Antimicrobial peptide, Maculatin 1.2
301604Antimicrobial peptide, Maculatin 4.1
301751Antimicrobial peptide, Temporin-1Gd
301766Antimicrobial peptide, Maximin S1
301780rCRAMP (rat cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin; animals)
302615Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin C1/C2
302919Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
302980Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin B1/B2
303127Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 3.7
303241Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.8
303849Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide GcSc4C5
303866Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 2.3
303909Putative antimicrobial peptide Z
303920Antimicrobial peptide, Propherin-18
304118Antimicrobial peptide 1
304362Putative antimicrobial peptide X
304448Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin
304477Antimicrobial peptide 15, Brevinin-1ARa
304479Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin A2
304546Antimicrobial peptide Amurin-2
304577Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
304662Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 2.6
304669Antimicrobial peptide, Metchnikowin A2
304725Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.7.1
304782Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
304913Antimicrobial peptide, Maximin 3
304922Antimicrobial peptide Japonicin-2CHd
304931Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 3.4
305028Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 4.2
305252Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin C
305469Antimicrobial peptide 3
305571Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
305894Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.6.1
305930Antimicrobial peptide Japonicin-2CHc
306111Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
306131Antimicrobial peptide, Styelin D
306263Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
306284Antimicrobial peptide, Lactococcin G alpha1
306289Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.1.1
306424Antimicrobial peptide clone 4
306531Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
306884Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.11
306923Cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide
306924Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 5.1
307455Antimicrobial and insecticidal peptide, Ponericin W5
307459Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
307496Antimicrobial peptide, Frenatin 4
307547Antimicrobial peptide, PvHCt
307552Antimicrobial peptide, Dermaseptin-like peptide PBN1
307566Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
307951Putative antimicrobial peptide clone 6
308057Antimicrobial peptide, Clavanin C
308292Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
308332Antimicrobial peptide Japonicin-2CHa
308760Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 3.1.1
309026Antimicrobial peptide Amurin-1
309147Antimicrobial peptide, Clavanin D
309292Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 3.2
309341Antimicrobial peptide, Esculentin 1[19-46]
309578Antimicrobial peptide, Kassinatuerin-1 [4-20]
309664Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 5.1
309849Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide NRC-01
310459Antimicrobial peptide, Phylloxin
310648Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 3.3.1
310690Antimicrobial peptide, [K18]-Moronecidin
310774Antimicrobial peptide, Cecropin B
310856Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide Hb18
310871Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 4.4
310922Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.13
310925Putative antimicrobial peptide clone 5
311000Antimicrobial peptide, Gaegurin 5 [K17]
311108Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
311159Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide GcSc4B7
311810Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 3.3
311818Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
311914Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide psi2
312259Antimicrobial peptide, Lactococcin G alpha2
312306Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide WF1a
312742Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide psi3
312797Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
312828Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 4.3
312901Antimicrobial peptide [Lys23] CAP-7
313132Antimicrobial peptide, Styelin C
313282Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 2.4
313383Antimicrobial peptide, Caerin 1.4.1
313593Antimicrobial peptide, [R18]-Moronecidin
313919Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 3.1.2
313944Antimicrobial peptide, Esculentin 2P
314346Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin-like peptide WF3
314429Antimicrobial peptide [Asp23]CAP-7
314482Hematopoietic antimicrobial peptide-29
314540Antimicrobial peptide, Ceratotoxin D
315118Antimicrobial peptide, Brevinin-1S
315156Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 6.2
315163Antimicrobial peptide, Uperin 6.1
315462Antimicrobial peptide, MAP-34
315564Antimicrobial peptide, Kassinatuerin-1 [4-18]
315907Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin FALL-39
316081Antimicrobial peptide, Aurein 2.1.1
317589Antimicrobial peptide VGF[554-577]