Neuropeptides
A neuropeptide is an endogenous protein molecule comprised of at least two amino acids, which are chained
together by peptide bonds. They are found in large dense-core vesicles on nearly all areas of the neuron, most
commonly the axon terminal at the synapse. Approximately 100 different neuropeptides have been identified.
The function of a neuropeptide often determines its classification as a neurotransmitter or hormone, but the
terms are frequently intermixed. Generally, neuropeptides exert more prolonged and diverse effects on behavior
than neurotransmitters, and act directly at G-coupled protein and metabotropic receptor sites.
Many populations of neurons have distinctive biochemical phenotypes. For example, in one subpopulation of about
3000 neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, three anorectic peptides are co-expressed:
α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), galanin-like peptide, and cocaine-and-amphetamine-regulated transcript
(CART), and in another subpopulation two orexigenic peptides are co-expressed, neuropeptide Y and agouti-related
peptide (AGRP). These are not the only peptides in the arcuate nucleus; β-endorphin, dynorphin, enkephalin,
galanin, ghrelin, growth-hormone releasing hormone, neurotensin, neuromedin U, and somatostatin are also
expressed in subpopulations of arcuate neurons. These peptides are all released centrally and act on other
neurons at specific receptors. The neuropeptide Y neurons also make the classical inhibitory neurotransmitter
GABA.
Invertebrates also have many neuropeptides. CCAP has several functions including regulating heart rate,
allatostatin and proctolin regulate food intake and growth, bursicon controls tanning of the cuticle and
corazonin has a role in cuticle pigmentation and moulting.
Cat# | Product Name |
---|
300038 | Crayfish RFamide 1 / Neuropeptide DF2 (DRNFLRF-amide), an FMRFamide |
300191 | H-Gly-Gly-Gly-OH, Neuropeptide-like peptide, NLP-32-3 |
300284 | FMRFamide-like neuropeptide, AF1 |
300455 | A-18-F-NH2; Morphine Modulating Neuropeptide |
300588 | (Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (porcine) |
301121 | Neuropeptide-gamma |
301157 | Neuropeptide EI-Gly-Arg-Arg-MCH (human, mouse, rat) |
301277 | Neuropeptide Y (2-36) (porcine) |
301488 | Pheromonotropin (Pseudaletia separata), Pheromonotropic neuropeptide |
301496 | Neuropeptide W-23 (rat) |
301525 | Neuropeptide Y (22-36) |
301696 | Octa-neuropeptide, Octapeptide OP |
302346 | Neuropeptide AF (hNPAF), Human /Neuropeptide A-18-F/NPAF |
302992 | Neuropeptide Y-Lys(Biotin), human, rat; NPY-Lys(Biotin), human, rat |
303424 | Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide |
303465 | FMRF-like Neuropeptide; SchistoFLRFamide |
303627 | Neuropeptide Y (18-36) |
303654 | LWamide neuropeptide II, He-LWamide II |
303757 | Neuropeptide W-30 (human) |
303951 | Galanin (1-13)-Neuropeptide Y (25-36) amide |
303984 | (Leu31,Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (human, rat) |
304903 | Neuropeptide-glutamic acid-isoleucine, Neuropeptide EI (human, mouse, rat) |
305200 | Neuropeptide K |
305624 | [S1]-Mollusca neuropeptide, FMRF-related peptide, SDPFLRF-NH2 |
305706 | Neuropeptide Y (free acid) (human, rat) |
305765 | Neuropeptide S (1-10) (human) |
306416 | Neuropeptide GE (Glycine-Glutamic acid) |
306938 | Neuropeptide RFRP-2 |
307359 | Neuropeptide VF (56-92) (human), RFRP-1 |
307563 | Neuropeptide Y / Melanostatin, frog |
307572 | Neuropeptide F |
308212 | Neuropeptide W-30 (rat) |
308648 | (His32,Leu34)-Neuropeptide Y (32-36) |
309169 | Neuropeptide 26RFa, Hypothalamic Peptide, frog |
309402 | Neuropeptide SF (human) |
309441 | [Thr30]-Neuropeptide Y, human |
309624 | Neuropeptide Y (13-36) (human, rat) |
310317 | Neuropeptide VF (124-131) (human) |
310965 | Orphan GPCR SP9155 Agonist P518, Neuropeptide 26RFa, Hypothalamic Peptide |
310966 | Neuropeptide FF (5-8)/Morphine Modulating Peptide, C-Terminal Fragment |
311531 | Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (porcine) |
311598 | Neuropeptide Y |
312151 | Neuropeptide S (human) |
312438 | Bradykinin-Like Neuropeptide (Aplysia californica) |
312508 | (Pro30,Tyr32,Leu34)-Neuropeptide Y (28-36) |
312998 | Neuropeptide Y (1-24) amide (human, rat) |
313085 | [Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y, human, rat; [Pro34]-NPY, human, rat |
313806 | H-Gly-Trp-Gly-OH, Neuropeptide-like peptide, NLP-32-9 |
313810 | (Leu31,Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (13-36) (human, rat) |
313977 | (Des-Bromo)-Neuropeptide B (1-23) (human) |
314349 | H-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-OH, Neuropeptide-like peptide, NLP-32-7 |
314408 | Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) |
314522 | Neuropeptide FF Morphine Modulating Neuropeptide F-8-F/NPFF |
314580 | Orphan GPCR SP9155 Agonist P550/Neuropeptide 26RFa/Hypothalamic Peptide |
314639 | Neuropeptide Y (13-36) (porcine) |
314925 | Neuropeptide Y |
315357 | Bradykinin-Like Neuropeptide (3-11) (Aplysia californica) |
315381 | Neuropeptide Y (2-36) (human, rat) |
315535 | Neuropeptide S (rat) |
316044 | (Leu31,Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (porcine) |
318153 | neuropeptide NAP |