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If you want to relate expressions among several groups, it's best to show dCt. If the comparisons at all done to the same reference, best show ddCt.Never ever use simple barcharts (as used so terribly often in biomedical papers). If you have smal...

1. The technical replicates.A technical replicate is when you test the same sample multiple times - it's used to test the variability in the testing protocol itself.The reason you do technical replicates is to make sure they are almost identical....

There are many factors that may affect the protein binding:0. The His tag is incorporated into the tertiary structure of the protein and inaccessible to the Ni column. Try a batch under denaturing conditions (8M Urea or 6 M Guanidine) to check this. ...

It is much better to use g (the capital G is not the correct unit) as a unit for centrifugation steps, which refers to the acceleration applied to your samples (so 10,000 g means 10,000 times Earth's gravitational force). Also, 'g' is the...

To get good PCR yield and reduce non-specific products, how much DNA template is generally used in a 50ul PCR reaction?Generally, for low complexity templates (i.e. plasmid, lambda, BAC DNA), use 1 pg–10 ng of DNA per 50 µl reaction.For higher comple...

The point of the glycerol used for storage of bacteria is preventing freezing damage, such as ice crystal formation. At lower glycerol concentrations like 10-20% the frozen stock will be fairly solid at -80C, while at higher concentrations (30-50%) i...

1. Stored RNA is stable when it is precipitated in Elthanol or Isopropanol and kept at -80°C.2. In DEPC treated water at -80°C in multiple aliquots to avoid multiple freeze thaw cycles.3. Converting the RNA to cDNA and storing it in RNase free water ...

It is difficult to predict which signal peptide will be the best. The cleavage efficiency will depend of the first residue of the mature protein: some residues with positive charges, in particular lysines into the 10 first positions, may be a re...

What is a CoA?CoA stands for CoA Certificate of Analysis. Data listed on the CoA were determined for the actual batch. What does HPLC purity mean?The purity determined by (analytical) HPLC (%) using UV detection corresponds to the percentage of ...

Firefly luciferase is a 61kDa protein isolated from beetles (Photinus pyralis), while Renilla luciferase is a 36kDa protein from sea pansy (Renilla reniformis).These enzymes differ in their substrate and cofactor requirements. Firefly lucif...