TPFLPDE peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

• TPFLPDE is a polypeptide that has emerged as a notable candidate with significant potential in the realm of health and biomedical research. It has been recognized for its remarkable properties, particularly in relation to its interaction with dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV).
• This polypeptide has demonstrated excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics, indicating its suitability for effective action within the body. In vitro investigations have established that TPFLPDE exhibits strong inhibitory capabilities against DPP-IV, with an \(IC_{50}\) value of 126.83 ± 4.86μM. Notably, it functions as a non-competitive inhibitor, interacting with the DPP-IV enzyme through a combination of forces including van der Waals forces, conventional hydrogen bonds, carbon-hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. In situ studies have further validated its efficacy, revealing that it can substantially reduce the DPP-IV activity in STC-1 cells to 30.93 ± 3.69%, with an \(IC_{50}\) value of 389.7μM. Moreover, TPFLPDE treatment has been shown to enhance the levels of active GLP-1, which plays a vital role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Overall, TPFLPDE holds great promise as a potential therapeutic agent, especially in the context of disorders associated with DPP-IV activity, such as type-2 diabetes mellitus.

• Rhessa Grace Guanga Ortizo, Vishal Sharma, Mei-Ling Tsai, Parushi Nargotra, Pei-Pei Sun, Chiu Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong, Integrating in silico, in vitro, and in situ approaches for characterization of novel peptides from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) viscera hydrolysates with dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitory activity, Food Bioscience, Volume 63, 2025, 105619, ISSN 2212-4292, doi: org/10.1016/j.fbio.2024.105619.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.