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  • Protonectin peptide

Protonectin peptide

Not For Human Use, Lab Use Only.

Cat.#: 304560

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Optional Service: TFA RemovalWhat's this?

Special Price 151.8 USD

Availability: 1-2 weeks
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Product Information

  • Product Name
    Protonectin peptide
  • Documents

    Batch to batch variation of the purity

  • Sequence Shortening
    ILGTILGLLKGL
  • Sequence
    H-Ile-Leu-Gly-Thr-Ile-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Lys-Gly-Leu-OH
  • Length (aa)
    12
  • Peptide Purity (HPLC)
    96.3%
  • Molecular Formula
    C58H107N13O14
  • Molecular Weight
    1209.6
  • Source
    Synthetic
  • Form
    Powder
  • Description
    Protonectin is a non-hemolytic chemotactic peptide for polymorphonucleated leukocytes (PMNL), presenting some mast cell degranulating activity and potent antimicrobial action both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The original Dhvar4 has been replaced 9/30/10. Updated 7/11/13. Protonectin has Antibacterial activity. The source of Protonectin is venom, social wasp, Agelaia pallipes pallipes.
  • Storage Guidelines
    Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual: Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
  • References
    • Dohtsu K, Okumura K, Hagiwara K, Palma MS, Nakajima T. Isolation and sequence analysis of peptides from the venom of Protonectarina sylveirae (Hymenoptera-Vespidae). Nat Toxins. 1993;1(5):271-6.
  • About TFA salt

    Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

    TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

    TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

    In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.

  • Molar Concentration Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

  • Percent Concentration Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Peptide Property

  • Analysed Sequence:A
  • Chemical Formula:A
  • Sequence length:A
  • Extinction coefficient:A M-1cm-1
  • GRAVY:A
  • Mw average:A
  • Theoretical pI:A
  • Data Source:Peptide Property Calculator

GRAVY = grand average of hydropathy

X: Hydrophobic uncharged residues, like F I L M V W A and P

X: Basic residues, like R K H

X: Acidic residues, like D E

X: Polar uncharged residues, like G S T C N Q and Y

• Peptide Services: NovoPro's peptide synthesis services include standard chemical peptide synthesis, peptide modification, peptide libraries, and recombinant peptide expression.

• Standard Peptide Synthesis: NovoPro offers quality peptides at the most competitive prices in the industry, starting at $3.20 per amino acid. NovoPro provides PepBox – Automatic Quote Tool for online price calculation.

• Peptide Modifications: NovoPro offers a wide range of peptide modification services including isotope labeling (2H, 15N, and 13C), multiple disulfide bonds, multiple phosphorylations, KLH, BSA, ovalbumin, amidation, acetylation, biotin, FITC, etc.

Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"