Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) peptide

Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) peptide

• COA/MS/HPLC Report
• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNT

H-His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr-OH

29

95.3%

C₁₅₃H₂₂₅N₄₃O₄₉S

3482.8

16941-32-5

Synthetic

Powder

Glucagon is a 29 amino acid containing peptide hormone processed from proglucagon. As a counterregulatory hormone for insulin, glucagon plays a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in vivo in both animals and humans. Not surprisingly, glucagon and glucagon receptor have been pursued extensively as potential targets for the therapeutic treatment of diabetes.As Aβ peptides and IAPP, glucacon tends to form gel-like fibrillar aggregates. These fibrils were found to be toxic through

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual: Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• G.Jiang et al., Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 284, E671 (2003)
• J.S.Pedersen et al., Biochemistry, 45, 14503 (2006)
• S.Onoue et al., J. Chromatogr. A, 1109, 167 (2006)
• J.A.Harney and R.L.Rogers, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 295, E155 (2008)
• P.A.Christensen et al., FEBS Lett., 582, 1341 (2008)

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.