SAP15 peptide

SAP15 peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

H-GKCSTRGRKCCRRKK-OH

H-Gly-Lys-Cys-Ser-Thr-Arg-Gly-Arg-Lys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Lys-Lys-OH

15

95.68%

C₆₈H₁₃₁N₃₁O₁₈S₃

1767.15

Synthetic

Powder

SAP15 is a cell penetrating peptide corresponding to the last 15 amino acids of the host defense peptide human β-defensin 3, which is involved in adaptive immunity and pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. SAP15 is a histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) inhibitor with a dissociation constant of 86 nM in an SPR assay and inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced phosphorylation of intracellular HDAC5 and NF-κB p65 in murine macrophages. In vivo, subcutaneous injection of SAP15-loaded sodium hyaluronic acid solution significantly decreases hind paw swelling, joint inflammation, and serum cytokine levels in a collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Lee et al (2021) Engineered synthetic cell penetrating peptide with intracellular anti-inflammatory bioactivity: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res A. 109(10) 2001 PMID: 33818867

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.