• PSMα4 peptide

PSMα4 peptide

Not For Human Use, Lab Use Only.

Cat.#: 319561

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Optional Service: TFA RemovalWhat's this?

Special Price 204.6 USD

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Product Information

  • Product Name
    PSMα4 peptide
  • Documents
  • Sequence Shortening
    H-MAIVGTIIKIIKAIIDIFAK-OH
  • Sequence
    H-Met-Ala-Ile-Val-Gly-Thr-Ile-Ile-Lys-Ile-Ile-Lys-Ala-Ile-Ile-Asp-Ile-Phe-Ala-Lys-OH
  • Length (aa)
    20
  • Peptide Purity (HPLC)
    95.93%
  • Molecular Formula
    C104H183N23O24S
  • Molecular Weight
    2171.76
  • Source
    Synthetic
  • Form
    Powder
  • Description

    PSMα peptides, produced by Staphylococcus aureus, are a group of hydrophobic peptides, often formylated at the N-terminal, ranging from 20-25 amino acids in length. These peptides play a role in the bacterium's virulence, acting as chemoattractants for neutrophils at high nanomolar concentrations and causing cytolysis at micromolar concentrations. They are also involved in promoting phagosome lysis and bacterial escape, as well as in the rapid induction of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation​

    The PSMα peptides differentially modulate the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn), a protein associated with Parkinson's disease. PSMα1 and PSMα4 are described to form fibrillar amyloid structures on their own, while PSMα2 and PSMα3 form α-helix-rich amorphous aggregates.

  • Storage Guidelines
    Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual: Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
  • References
    • Chu, M., Zhang, Mb., Liu, Yc. et al. Role of Berberine in the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections. Sci Rep 6, 24748 (2016).
  • About TFA salt

    Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

    TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

    TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

    In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Peptide Services: NovoPro's peptide synthesis services include standard chemical peptide synthesis, peptide modification, peptide libraries, and recombinant peptide expression.

Standard Peptide Synthesis: NovoPro offers quality peptides at the most competitive prices in the industry, starting at $3.20 per amino acid. NovoPro provides PepBox – Automatic Quote Tool for online price calculation.

Peptide Modifications: NovoPro offers a wide range of peptide modification services including isotope labeling (2H, 15N, and 13C), multiple disulfide bonds, multiple phosphorylations, KLH, BSA, ovalbumin, amidation, acetylation, biotin, FITC, etc.

Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"