Prokineticin 2 (PK2) Isoform 2 (82-108) (Human) peptide

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) Isoform 2 (82-108) (Human) peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

H-MHHTCPCLPGLACLRTSFNRFICLAQK-OH

H-Met-His-His-Thr-Cys-Pro-Cys-Leu-Pro-Gly-Leu-Ala-Cys-Leu-Arg-Thr-Ser-Phe-Asn-Arg-Phe-Ile-Cys-Leu-Ala-Gln-Lys-OH

27

95.23%

C₁₃₃H₂₁₄N₄₀O₃₃S₅

3061.68

Synthetic

Powder

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide expressed in central nervous system areas known to be involved in food intake. We therefore hypothesized that PK2 plays a role in energy homeostasis. Hypothalamic PK2 expression was reduced by fasting. ICV administration of PK2 to rats potently inhibited food intake, whereas anti-PK2 antibody increased food intake, suggesting that PK2 is an anorectic neuropeptide. ICV administration of PK2 increased c-fos expression in proopiomelanocortin neurons of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. In keeping with this, PK2 administration into the ARC reduced food intake and PK2 increased the release of α-melanocyte–stimulating hormone (α-MSH) from ex vivo hypothalamic explants. In addition, ICV coadministration of the α-MSH antagonist agouti-related peptide blocked the anorexigenic effects of PK2. Chronic peripheral administration of PK2 reduced food and body weight in lean and obese mice.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Gardiner JV, Bataveljic A, Patel NA, Bewick GA, Roy D, Campbell D, Greenwood HC, Murphy KG, Hameed S, Jethwa PH, Ebling FJ, Vickers SP, Cheetham S, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR, Dhillo WS. Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake. Diabetes. 2010 Feb;59(2):397-406. doi: 10.2337/db09-1198. Epub 2009 Nov 23. PMID: 19933997; PMCID: PMC2809973.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.