M12 peptide (TFA removed)

M12 peptide (TFA removed)

• COA/MS/HPLC Report
• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

H-RRQPPRSISSHP-OH

H-Arg-Arg-Gln-Pro-Pro-Arg-Ser-Ile-Ser-Ser-His-Pro-OH

12

95.9%

C₅₉H₁₀₀N₂₄O₁₇

1417.57

Synthetic

Powder

M12 is a novel 12-mer peptide showing preferential binding to skeletal muscle compared to the liver. M12 peptide preferentially binds to skeletal muscle after systemic administration in adult mdx mice. When M12 was conjugated to PMO(phosphorodiamidate morpholino), the M12–PMO conjugate could effectively induce exon skipping and dystrophin restoration in body-wide skeletal muscles with the exception of heart after systemic administration in mdx mice. M12-PMO oligomer can be an alternative option to current AOs(Antisense oligonucleotide).

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Gao X, Zhao J, Han G, Zhang Y, Dong X, Cao L, Wang Q, Moulton HM, Yin H. Effective dystrophin restoration by a novel muscle-homing peptide-morpholino conjugate in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. Mol Ther. 2014 Jul;22(7):1333-1341. doi: 10.1038/mt.2014.63. Epub 2014 Apr 15. Erratum in: Mol Ther. 2020 Oct 7;28(10):2299-2301. PMID: 24732757; PMCID: PMC4088999.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.