• Holokinin-1 peptide

Holokinin-1 peptide

Not For Human Use, Lab Use Only.

Cat.#: 318912

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Product Information

  • Product Name
    Holokinin-1 peptide
  • Documents
  • Sequence Shortening
    H-PLGYMFR-OH
  • Sequence
    H-Pro-Leu-Gly-Tyr-Met-Phe-Arg-OH
  • Length (aa)
    7
  • Peptide Purity (HPLC)
    95.78%
  • Molecular Formula
    C42H62N10O9S
  • Molecular Weight
    883.06
  • Source
    Synthetic
  • Form
    Powder
  • Description
    Four holokinins have been isolated from A. japonicus: holokinin-1 (PLGYMFR) and derivatives of holokinin-1 with either an oxidised methionine residue (PLGYM(O)FR, holokinin-2) or with a brominated tyrosine residue (PLGY(Br)MFR, holokinin-3) or with N-terminal truncation (GYMFR, holokinin-1(3–7)). All four peptides cause inhibition of electrically induced contraction of radial longitudinal muscle (RLM) preparations and contraction of intestine preparations.
  • Storage Guidelines
    Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
  • References
    • Elphick MR. The protein precursors of peptides that affect the mechanics of connective tissue and/or muscle in the echinoderm Apostichopus japonicus. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e44492. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044492
  • About TFA salt

    Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

    TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

    TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

    In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.

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Peptide Services: NovoPro's peptide synthesis services include standard chemical peptide synthesis, peptide modification, peptide libraries, and recombinant peptide expression.

Standard Peptide Synthesis: NovoPro offers quality peptides at the most competitive prices in the industry, starting at $3.20 per amino acid. NovoPro provides PepBox – Automatic Quote Tool for online price calculation.

Peptide Modifications: NovoPro offers a wide range of peptide modification services including isotope labeling (2H, 15N, and 13C), multiple disulfide bonds, multiple phosphorylations, KLH, BSA, ovalbumin, amidation, acetylation, biotin, FITC, etc.

Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"