EPI-X4 peptide
Not For Human Use, Lab Use Only.
Cat.#: 318988
Special Price 135.9 USD
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Product Name
EPI-X4 peptide
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Documents
Batch to batch variation of the purity
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Sequence Shortening
H-LVRYTKKVPQVSTPTL-OH
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Sequence
H-Leu-Val-Arg-Tyr-Thr-Lys-Lys-Val-Pro-Gln-Val-Ser-Thr-Pro-Thr-Leu-OH
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Length (aa)
16
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Peptide Purity (HPLC)
95.52%
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Molecular Formula
C84H144N22O23
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Molecular Weight
1830.17
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Source
Synthetic
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Form
Powder
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Description
EPI-X4 (endogenous peptide inhibitor of CXCR4) is a fragment identified from a blood-derived peptide library, corresponding to residues 408–423 of human serum albumin (hSA). EPI-X4 is a highly specific endogenous CXCR4 antagonist which is evolutionarily conserved and generated from the albumin precursor by pH-regulated proteases under acidic conditions that are a hallmark of inflammation. EPI-X4 suppresses CXCR4 signaling and inhibits infection by CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 strains. EPI-X4 can also antagonize CXCL12-induced tumour cell migration, mobilise stem cells and suppress inflammatory responses in mice. EPI-X4 is abundant in the urine of patients with inflammatory kidney diseases and may serve as a biomarker.
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Storage Guidelines
Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
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References
- Zirafi et al (2015) Discovery and characterization of an endogenous CXCR4 antagonist. Cell Rep. 11(5) 737 PMID: 25921529
- Müller et al (2016) Evaluation of EPI-X4 as a urinary peptide biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of late acute GvHD. Bone Marrow Transplant. 51(8) 1137 PMID: 27042833
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About TFA salt
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.
TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.
TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.
In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.
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Molar Concentration Calculator
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Dilution Calculator
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Percent Concentration Calculator
Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)
Related Products / Services
• Peptide Services: NovoPro's peptide synthesis services include standard chemical peptide synthesis, peptide modification, peptide libraries, and recombinant peptide expression.
• Standard Peptide Synthesis: NovoPro offers quality peptides at the most competitive prices in the industry, starting at $3.20 per amino acid. NovoPro provides PepBox – Automatic Quote Tool for online price calculation.
• Peptide Modifications: NovoPro offers a wide range of peptide modification services including isotope labeling (2H, 15N, and 13C), multiple disulfide bonds, multiple phosphorylations, KLH, BSA, ovalbumin, amidation, acetylation, biotin, FITC, etc.
Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"