BMP-2 wrist epitope active motif peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

The BMP-2 wrist epitope active motif is a peptide sequence derived from bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a growth factor that induces osteogenic signaling. Specifically, the DWIVA peptide sequence (GCGGGDWIVAG) mimics the active region of the wrist epitope of BMP-2 and exhibits high receptor-binding activity and specificity to BMP-receptor types I and II. This synthetic peptide is designed to replicate the bioactivity of native BMP-2, initiating an osteogenic signaling cascade that involves BMP-receptor type II binding, phosphorylation of BMP-receptor type I, and subsequent phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic signaling molecule Smad1, which then localizes to the nucleus to control gene expression for osteogenic differentiation.

The DWIVA peptide can be incorporated into biomaterials, such as hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels, to provide localized osteoinductive signals. In experimental settings, the presentation of DWIVA, either in soluble form or immobilized onto hydrogel macromers via Michael addition reactions, enhances alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured on two-dimensional substrates or encapsulated within three-dimensional hydrogel networks. This peptide-functionalized hydrogel system is synthesized by modifying hyaluronic acid with norbornene and tetrazine moieties to form covalently crosslinked networks, allowing controlled immobilization of the DWIVA peptide while preserving hydrogel mechanics and gelation kinetics.

• Gultian KA, Gandhi R, DeCesari K, Romiyo V, Kleinbart EP, Martin K, Gentile PM, Kim TWB, Vega SL. Injectable hydrogel with immobilized BMP-2 mimetic peptide for local bone regeneration. Front Biomater Sci. 2022;1:948493. doi: 10.3389/fbiom.2022.948493. Epub 2022 Jul 22. PMID: 37090104; PMCID: PMC10120851.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.