Cortistatin-29 (reduced) peptide

Cortistatin-29 (reduced) peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

Pyr-ERPPLQQPPHRDKKPCKNFFWKTFSSCK-OH

Pyr-Glu-Arg-Pro-Pro-Leu-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro-His-Arg-Asp-Lys-Lys-Pro-Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Ser-Ser-Cys-Lys-OH

28

95.77%

C₁₆₁H₂₄₂N₄₆O₄₁S₂

3542.04

Synthetic

Powder

Cortistatin is a neuropeptide that was discovered in 1996 and is structurally related to somatostatin. It is named after its predominantly cortical expression and ability to depress cortical activity. Cortistatin binds to all five cloned somatostatin receptors and can agonize these receptors, with similar effects to somatostatin on some cellular processes. Cortistatin-29 is a neuropeptide. Cortistatin-29 alleviates neuropathic pain. Cortistatin-29 binds all somatostatin (SS) receptor subtypes with high affinity and shows IC50 values of 2.8 nM, 7.1 nM, 0.2 nM, 3.0 nM, 13.7 nM for SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4, SSTR5, respectively. Cortistatin-29 shows anti-fibrotic effects.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual: Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Benitez R, Caro M, Andres-Leon E, O'Valle F, Delgado M. Cortistatin regulates fibrosis and myofibroblast activation in experimental hepatotoxic- and cholestatic-induced liver injury. Br J Pharmacol. 2022 May;179(10):2275-2296. doi: 10.1111/bph.15752. Epub 2022 Feb 10. PMID: 34821378.
• Spier AD, de Lecea L. Cortistatin: a member of the somatostatin neuropeptide family with distinct physiological functions. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2000 Sep;33(2-3):228-41. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0173(00)00031-x. PMID: 11011067.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.