Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH (1-39) peptide

• COA/MS/HPLC Report
• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a 39-amino acid polypeptide derived from pro-opiomelanocortin. Its primary physiological role is the stimulation of glucocorticoid synthesis and secretion from the adrenal cortex. The amino acid sequence of ACTH exhibits minor variations across mammalian species, though the biologically active N-terminal region (residues 1-24) is generally conserved.

In guinea pigs, ACTH possesses a unique amino acid sequence characterized by a substitution of alanine for proline at position 24. This specific alteration distinguishes it from the ACTH of other mammals. In vitro studies utilizing rat adrenal glomerulosa cells demonstrate that this guinea pig variant elicits a markedly elevated aldosterone production compared to human ACTH(1-39) or the synthetic fragment ACTH(1-24). This suggests the sequence variation may influence the peptide's interaction with its receptor or subsequent intracellular signaling pathways.

• Boileau G, Barbeau C, Jeannotte L, Chrétien M, Drouin J. Complete structure of the porcine pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA derived from the nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983;11(22):8063-71.
• Smith AI, Wallace CA, Moritz RL, Simpson RJ, Schmauk-White LB, Woodcock EA, Funder JW. Isolation, amino acid sequence and action of guinea-pig ACTH on aldosterone production by glomerulosa cells. J Endocrinol. 1987 Nov;115(2):R5-8. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.115r005. PMID: 2830360.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.